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Introduction to Media Production: MSP 1701

Research help for Cindy Burstein's course, MSP 1701: Introduction to Media Production

A Spectrum of Rights

When we talk about Creative Commons, we're talking about a spectrum rights and permissions.

Symbols for copyright, creative commons, and public domain on a spectrum

What is Creative Commons?

Creative Commons is a set of licenses that gives public permission to use and share creative works, based on the creator’s stated conditions.

Creative Commons is also an organization and a movement that allows creators to determine exactly how they want their work to be used by others by selecting a license comprised of at least one of four conditions.

View the video below for additional details.

What are the Creative Commons License Conditions?

attribution icon   Attribution (BY): Credit must be given to the creator.

   Share-alike (SA): Adaptations must be shared under the same terms.

non-commercial icon   Non-commercial (NC): Only noncommercial uses of the work are permitted.

no derivatives icon   No derivatives (ND): No derivatives or adaptations of the work are permitted.

What are Creative Commons Licenses? What do they Mean?

Types of licensesUsing the four different license conditions (attribution, share-alike, non-commercial, no-derivatives), you can build a Creative Commons license for your work, based on how you want others to use it.

  • Public Domain mark- “no known copyright”: Used for works that are in the public domain and therefore not restricted by copyright. This includes works in which the copyright has expired.
     
  • CC0 (aka CC Zero) is a public dedication tool, which enables creators to give up their copyright and put their works into the worldwide public domain. CC0 enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, with no conditions.
     
  • CC-BY: This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, so long as attribution is given to the creator. The license allows for commercial use.
     
  • CC-BY-SA: This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, so long as attribution is given to the creator. The license allows for commercial use. If you remix, adapt, or build upon the material, you must license the modified material under identical terms.
     
  • CC-BY-NC: This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator.
     
  • CC-BY-NC-SA: This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. If you remix, adapt, or build upon the material, you must license the modified material under identical terms.
     
  • CC-BY-ND: This license enables reusers to copy and distribute the material in any medium or format in unadapted form only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. The license allows for commercial use.
     
  • CC-BY-NC-ND: This license enables reusers to copy and distribute the material in any medium or format in unadapted form only, for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator.

What is Public Domain?

Public domain is a a status given to works that are no longer protected by copyright or never were.

This status means that anyone can use the works -- they can copy, distribute, perform, display and create derivatives -- without seeking permission or paying fees.

View the video below for additional details.

What is Copyright?

Copyright is a form of protection (for a fixed amount of time) that gives creators exclusive rights to do things to their creative works -- things like copying, distributing, performing, displaying, and creating derivatives.

To qualify for copyright protection, a work must be “fixed in a tangible medium of expression” -- like a book, a sound recording, a photograph, a musical score, a screenplay, etc.

How long does a copyright last? That depends upon the nation in which the work was created because copyright is different from nation to nation.

In the United States, for works published after 1977, the copyright lasts for the life of the author plus 70 years. However, if the work is a work for hire (that is, the work is done in the course of employment or has been specifically commissioned) or is published anonymously or under a pseudonym, the copyright lasts between 95 and 120 years, depending on different factors.

View the videos below for additional details.